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Toddler 'formulas' are unnecessary and lack nutritional benefits of milk, pediatrician group warns_我的网站

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一 | Beverages marketed as toddler "formula" are unnecessary and some have questionable marketing practices, according to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.In recent years, the popularity of these formulas — referred to as Older Infant and Young Child Formulas (OIYCFs) — has risen significantly, according to research published in the journal Public Health Nutrition. The study found sales went up by 158% between 2006 and 2015. However, experts say there are several concerns surrounding their usage."Many parents mistakenly believe that OIYCFs offer something more, something unique that cow milk together with a varied diet with fortified foods can't provide," Dr. George Fuchs, professor of pediatrics and epidemiology at the University of Kentucky and lead author on the new AAP report, told ABC News. "This misconception can be largely attributed to the advertising and branding of these products."The AAP recommends babies drink infant formula or breastmilk until they are 12 months old and then transition to cow's milk in addition to solid foods, which are typically introduced at about 6 months.Toddler "formula" is sometimes marketed as a "transitional" or "weaning" formula for infants who are 0 -12 months old, according to the new report. But unlike infant formula, which must meet certain FDA guidelines for nutritional content, there are no standard nutritional requirements for toddler "formula," the report says."Toddler formula is unnecessary for the vast majority of toddlers and its nutritional value is inferior to that of whole cow's milk, especially when accounting for the additional sugar content of toddler formula," Dr. Keyana Washington, a pediatrician with Gwinnett Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine in Georgia, who was not involved with the report, told ABC News.There are misconceptions about the drinks, according to Dr. Nagela Sainté-Thomas, a pediatric emergency medicine specialist from El Paso, Texas."One reason for their popularity is parents and caregivers believe these drinks provide nutrients similar to solid foods and if they have significant challenges integrating solids into their toddler's diet, they can easily utilize this 'nutritional' substitution," Sainté-Thomas, who was not involved in the AAP report, told ABC News.In 1986, The World Health Assembly had already identified special formulas for older infants as unnecessary. Many global health organizations -- including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF, in addition to WHO -- emphasize that a combination of breast milk, whole cow's milk, water, and appropriate solid foods is nutritionally sufficient for most toddlers.Toddler "formulas" are not necessarily dangerous or bad for children, the AAP said in its report. They can be part of a balanced diet for babies 12 months and older, but are not better than cow's milk, the report said.But some companies making OIYCFs imply that their products add an important part of a toddler diet, even though that's not the case, according to the new AAP report.OIYCFs often appear very similar to infant formulas, according to the AAP report, which may cause confusion among parents and caregivers. Some companies use similar names, colors, designs, and even slogans for their OIYCFs and infant formulas, the report found.The pediatricians ABC News spoke with say parents and caregivers should make sure toddlers have a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, dairy, water, and either breast milk, infant formula, or whole cow's milk.Parents and caregivers should talk to their pediatricians about the role OIYCFs might play in their child's diet."The decision to deviate from the recommendation to give whole cow's milk starting at age 12 months is one that parents should make in consultation with their pediatrician," Washington said.Daniel A. Carnegie, MD, MPH, MBA is a preventive medicine resident at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.。 11月21日，“北方韵瓷”——辽宁省第二届中青年陶瓷艺术家作品抚顺大官窑邀请展在辽宁美术馆拉开帷幕，此次展出的150多件艺术家作品和大官窑精品陶瓷，出自48位中青年陶瓷艺术家之手，进一步展现了辽宁陶瓷文化的传承与发展。　　抚顺大官窑始于辽，兴于金，盛于明清，毁于日本侵华战火。2018年大官窑陶瓷被列为抚顺市非物质文化遗产项目。2020年抚顺大官窑陶瓷文创园建成，开启了大官窑陶瓷产业化发展新的篇章。　　展会现场，引来众多陶瓷文化的爱好者，在王永亮创作的“故宫系列”，蔡福全创作的“小怪涂鸦系列”，张桂昉创作的“鱼系列”，任嘉博创作的“冰凌花、天女木兰”等精品陶瓷前，观众们纷纷拿起手机拍照。　　“冰凌花、天女木兰系列陶瓷在网上展出后，吸引了大量粉丝，成为网红产品。”抚顺大官窑陶瓷制作技艺代表性传承人王永亮告诉记者：“抚顺大官窑是我国北方陶瓷发展史上的名窑，在《中国陶瓷史》中就有对大官窑的记载，其烧制的大官窑陶瓷釉色闪耀金属光泽，是北方结晶釉陶瓷的典型代表。” 　　据了解，王永亮在家族陶瓷工艺传承的基础上，通过实地考察，研读历史资料，走访民间陶瓷艺人，系统化整理出抚顺大官窑陶瓷原料采挖加工、成型制作、风格设计、烧成技术等全套工艺流程，有着800多年历史的抚顺大官窑陶瓷再次展现出夺目的光辉。　　“抚顺拥有丰富的高品质高岭土，是发展陶瓷产业的宝贵资源。”王永亮说。作为沈阳工学院创新创业学院陶瓷专业的负责人，王永亮将大官窑陶瓷制作技艺带进大学课堂，为大官窑陶瓷的传承培养了一批学子。目前，王永亮领衔的创作团队已获得十余项国际国内奖项，他们烧制的“大官窑雪山杯”被选为第三十一届世界大学生运动会“大运好礼”，还有更多的陶瓷文创产品在辽宁省博物馆销售。　　毕业于鲁迅美术学院陶艺专业、阜新市工艺美术大师王阳带来的花语梅香系列作品，清新淡雅，由她打造的“黛熹”品牌，深受国内外女性的欢迎。